Mercedes-Benz introduced the W123 E-Class in 1973, and four years later, the carmaker introduced a long-wheelbase version, the V123.
The German premium carmaker had a long tradition with its long-wheelbase versions. These vehicles were often used as shuttle cars for hotels, taxi companies, and even diplomatic transportation. Depending on their destination, the carmaker installed more or less features on them.

With a length of 5,355 (17.6’ ft), the V123 was 630 mm (2 ft) longer than the regular W123 sedan. It sported the same front fascia with rectangular horizontal headlights and corner-mounted turn signals. Both versions featured round headlights for specific markets since the squared ones were not legal (in the U.S.). Unlike the American-type limousines, Mercedes-Benz mounted the rear doors on the B-pillar and installed the additional panel behind them, leading to unusually long rear fenders.

Inside, the carmaker offered a choice of interiors and even provided the vehicle with only the bodywork and the front seats, while independent coachbuilders could complete the cabin. While in standard form, the V123 offered room for up to six passengers in the back, three of them being seated facing rearward.

Since it shared its platform with the W123 model, the V123 featured double-wishbone suspension at the front and trailing arms in the rear. That led to a higher comfort level than most other cars on the market. Under the hood, the German carmaker installed a choice of diesel and gasoline engines paired to a four-speed manual or a four-speed automatic. Starting with 1981, the car received a five-speed manual as an option.